INDICATIONS

BASTHI

• The bladders of the animals were used as a device for basti in olden days, so named as basti karma
• Medicated enema is a procedure which is used to expel the vitiated doshas out of the body through the intestinal route
• Basti is administered to the anal region and does stir up the doshas and residual waste products residing in the umbilicus, waist, flanks, pelvis and does oleation of the body and expels out the feces

TYPES :

EXTERNAL VASTI:

• JANU VASTI: Medicated oil poured over the knee for relieving pain
• KATI VASTI: Medicated oil poured over the back for relieving pain
• GREEVA VASTI: Medicated oil poured over the neck region
• HRUDHAYA VASTI: Oil poured over the chest region to relieve chest pain in heart disorders

INTERNAL VASTI:

• NIROOHA VASTI: Administration of enema predominantly consisting of herbal decoction along with medicated oil, honey, rock salt, and herbal powder
• ANUVASANA VASTI: Medicated oils are used for the same purpose
• MATRA VASTI: Compared to anuvasana, in matra vasti, less quantity of oil is used
• UTTARA VASTI: Administration of medicaments into the bladder and uterus with the help of vasti yantra is known as Uttara vasti. For Uttara vasti, both kashaya as well as oils are used

BENEFITS

INDICATIONS

NIROOHA VASTI:

ANUVASANA VASTI:

• Same as nirooha
• Can be given daily to persons having good digestion, doing exercise daily, suffering from vata disorders

NASYAM

• Administration of medicine through the nasal route is known as Nasya
• Nasya is part of purification procedure
• As in the nearest root, the diseases related to the head are best treated by the procedure

BENEFITS

INDICATIONS

RAKTA MOKSHANA

• Letting out the impure blood from the body is called blood letting therapy
• When blood get vitiated by doshas it causes various diseases. It is a procedure which expels out vitiated blood from the body

BENEFITS

VATA:

PITTA:

KAPHA:

• In general, vata guna is opposite to kapha guna
• Kapha guna is opposite to vata, but sheeta guna is present is both. – In vata it is laghu sheeta.These gunas are due to panchamaha bhoota composition of doshas.
• Vata is prime cause for movement of pitta and kapha
• Kapha is sheeta guna yukta,pitta is ushna guna yukta
• Vata produce sheeta,when movement is decreased, ushnata when movement is more. So to give movement to kapha and pitta,vata should have both guna. But opposite guna cannot reside is one. So vata is anushna sheeta

VATA GUNA:

Dry,light,cold,roughness,subtle,clear

PITTA GUNA:

Hot,sharp,light,liquid

KAPHA GUNA:

Unctuous,cold,heavy,slow,sticky

KAPHA –

Main location of kapha is chest.

VATA DOSHA:

Vata ia responsible for all movements (Movement of blood in blood vessels, movement of nutrients, movement of au in lungs, locomotion movements of hands and legs, etc..)

In its normal state vata causes

PITTA DOSHA:

In its normal state, pitta causes

Kapha confers

• Stability
• Lubrication
• Compactness (Firmness) of the joints
• It is the cause for mental capacity to withstand/withhold emotions, strains, etc
• It is also cause for forgiveness
  • The doshas which are vitiated become abnormal undergoing either increase or decrease cause vitiation of rara and other dhatus(tissues)
  • Both doshas and dhatus together vitiate the malas(waste products) which inturn vitiate the malayanas ( channels of their elimination).

5 types of vata

• 1. Prana
• 2. Udana
• 3. Vyana
• 4. Samana
• 5. Apana

PRANA VATA:

• Prana is located in the head and moves in the chest, throat
• It regulates heart, sense organs, intellect and vision.

It is the cause for

• Expectoration
• Sneezing
• Belching
• inspiration
• swallowing of food

UDANA VATA:

• The chest is the seat of Udana
• It moves in the nose, umbilicus and throat.

Its functions are

• Initiation of speech
• Effort
• Enthusiasm
• Strength
• Colour
• Complexion and
• Memory

Vyana is located in the heart, moves all over the body in great speed.
It’s functions are

• Flexion and extension
• Opening and closing of the eyelids

Generally all the body activities are regulated by Vyana vata

APANA VATA:

• It is located in the large intestine.
• Moves in the waist, bladder, genitals.

Its functions are,

• Ejaculation
• Urination
• Child birth
• Menstruation
• Defecation

5 TYPES OF PITTA

• 1. Pachaka Pitta
• 2. Ranjaka Pitta
• 3. Sadhaka Pitta
• 4. Alochaka Pitta
• 5. Bhrajaka Pitta

PACHAKA PITTA :

SADHAKA PITTA:

• The pitta located in the heart is known as Sadhaka.
• It attends to mental functions such as knowledge, intelligence, Self-consciousness

ALOCHAKA PITTA:

• It is located in the eyes
• It helps in vision

BHRAJAKA PITTA:

• It resides in skin
• Helps in exhibition of colour and complexions.

5 TYPES OF KAPHA:

• 1. Avalambaka kapha
• 2. Kledaka kapha
• 3. Bodhaka kapha
• 4. Tarpaka kapha
• 5. Sleshaka kapha

AVALAMBAKA KAPHA:

• It is located in the chest and the meeting place of shoulder, neck and back.
• By its innate strength and by the power of essence of food,it does Lubrication, nourishing etc.. functions that are attributed to water element
• It also influences the functioning of other types of kapha

KLEDAKA KAPHA:

• Located in the stomach.
• It moistens the hard food mass
• Helps in digestion.

BODHAKA KAPHA:

• It is located in the tongue.
• It helps in taste perception.

TARPAKA KOTHA:

• It is located in the head.
• It nourishes sense organs.

SHLESHAKA KAPHA:

• It is located in the bone joints.
• It lubricates and strengthens the joints.

DHATU:

• Most important constructive elements of body, should always be supplied with adequate amount of essential nutrients.
• Ahara rasa passes through all the channels with the help of vayu
• Every dhatus then after supplies this received nutrients to the next coming dhatu making it like a cascade
• In such a way there are two forms of every dhatu –
  • One in circulating state providing nutrition to next dhatu (Poshak /Asthayi dhatu | Dynamic form)
  • Other in stable state receiving nutrition and undergoing growth & development ( Poshya /sthayi dhatu / Static form)
• form of dhatu which supports (dharana) – poshya | Static form
• Form of dhatu which provides nutrition (Poshana) – poshaka/ Dynamic form

FUNCTIONS OF BODY TISSUES :

• Rasa dhatu (Product of digestion and metabolism) -Provides nourishment
• Rakta dhatu(blood) – Maintenance of life activities
• Mamsa dhatu (muscle) – enveloping (covering). It covers around bones and enables voluntary and involuntary actions
• Medha (fat) – Lubrication
• Asthi (Bones )- Supports, forms the framework of the body.
• Majja (Bonemarrow) – Filling the inside of the bones.
• Shukra (male & female reproduction system)-conception & pregnancy.

RELATION BETWEEN DOSHA AND DHATU:

• Vata resides in bones
• Pitta resides in sweat and blood
• Kapha resides in rest of the dhatu and mala
• Incase of pitta and kapha, when there is an increase of pitta/kapha, there is also respective increase of tissues and waste products associated with them.

Eg: If pitta increases, then sweat and blood vitiation also increases. The same rule applies to decrease as well.

But incase of vata, if vata decreases, then asthi increases. They are inverse proportionately related with each other.

LOCATIONS:

Two types

• General – Whole body.
• Specific

Specific locations of dhatus :

• Srotas – storage part
• Specific organ – Anatomical and physiological understanding
• Kala – Limiting membrane separating every dhatu

RASA DHATU: (PLASMA)

The dhatu is transporter of body plasma fluids and provides nourishment to all other dhatus . Rasa dhatu is supported by kapha dosha.

RAKTA DHATU: (BLOOD)

It is basis of life & provides nourishment to all tissues and cells in the body. It provides strength to body and colour to blood. Rakta dhatu is supported by pitta dosha.

MAMSA DHATU: (MUSCLES)

Provides movement to the muscular system in body. It provides physical supped to medha dhatu. Mamsa dhatu is supported by kapha dosha.

MEDHO DHATU: (FAT)

This dhatu collects the energies & stores it to provide strength to the body.
The adipose tissue also stores fat as a means of body lubrication and a support to bones.
The medha dhatu is supported by kapha dosha

ASTHI DHATU: (BONE)

The dhatu includes all the bones and cartilages and gives shape to the body.
It also supports mamsa dhatu
Asthi dhatu is supported by vata dosha

MAJJA DHATU: (BONE MARROW)

It nourishes the body & helps maintain its functions
Majja dhatu strengthens the body, fill the bones and nourishes the shukra dhatu
Majja dhatu is supported by kapha dosha

SHUKRA DHATU: (REPRODUCTIVE TISSUE)

This dhatu nourishes the reproductive strengths of an individual.
It includes sperm & ovum.
Shukra dhatu is supported by kapha dosha
Thus, all 7 dhatus are inter-connected.Mal functioning of single dhatu can have impact on all other dhatus. Dhatus are composed of panchamaha Bhuta elements. Thus doshas also made up of 5 elements, help manage the balance of dhatus. A system of well balanced doshas helps balance the dhatus, thus leading to proper functioning of entire system of body.

FUNCTIONS :

• Faeces – Maintainance of strength of the body.
• Urine – Elimination of moisture (water)
• Sweat – slow elimination of moisture